Knowledge of Conservation and Restoration
دانــش حـفـاظـت و مـرمـت
KCR
Art & Architecture
http://journal.richt.ir/kcr
1
admin
2538-6093
3060-6217
8
10.61882/kcr
14
4503275
13
fa
jalali
1396
7
1
gregorian
2017
10
1
1
3
online
1
fulltext
fa
مطالعه ساختاری و فنی خاتمکاری با استفاده از طیفسنجی مادونقرمز تبدیل فوریه: بررسی خاتم درب مسجد سید اصفهان
Structural and Technical Study of Khatam Kari Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy: Study of the Khatam Door of Seyyed Mosque of Isfahan
مستندسازی آثار و اشیا تاریخی- فرهنگی، موزهای و آرایههای معماری.
Documentation of historical-cultural, museum objects and architectural decorations
پژوهشي
Research, Original, Regular
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Garamond",serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">خاتم</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">کاری از جمله هنرهای سنتی ایران با قدمتی طولانی است که آثار متعددی از این هنر، از ادوار گذشته برجایمانده است. باتوجهبه مطالعات فنی محدود پیرامون این آثار، بررسی آنها نقش مهمی در درک بهتر فرایند ساخت خاتم درگذشته دارد. متنوع بودن مواد تشکیلدهنده خاتم و واکنش متفاوت آنها نسبت به روش</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">های حفاظتی تأثیر زیادی در اتخاذ روش بهینه حفاظت و درمان دارد. در نتیجه شناسایی مواد تشکیل</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black"></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">دهندۀ آنها جهت انتخاب روش صحیح برخورد با این نوع آثار، ضرورت خواهد داشت. طیف</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">سنجی مادونقرمز تبدیل فوریه (</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">FTIR</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">) از جمله روش</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">هایی است که می</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">تواند به</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">منظور شناخت ماهیت مواد آلی تشکیل</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">دهندۀ خاتم مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد. ازاینرو در این پژوهش خاتم درب مسجد سید اصفهان مربوط به دوره قاجار به</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">عنوان نمونۀ موردی، بررسی شد. بدین منظور طیف</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">سنجی </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="color:black">FTIR</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> جهت بررسی ساختاری و شناسایی مواد بهکاررفته در ساخت آن، مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان دادند که قطعات قرمز </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"><span style="color:black">–</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black"> قهوه</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">ای و سیاه در این نمونه خاتم از جنس چوب و قطعات سفیدرنگ از جنس استخوان هستند. همچنین از سریشم بهعنوان چسب در پیچیدن خاتم و نیز آسترکردن آن و از ترکیبی حاوی رزین</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra""><span style="color:black">های ترپنوئیدی جهت پرداخت و پوششدهی خاتم استفاده شده است.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:"Garamond",serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt">Khatam Kari is one of the traditional Iranian arts with a long history, and numerous works of this art have survived </span><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra"">‎</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt">from past eras. Considering the limited technical studies on these works, their study plays an important role in better </span><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra"">‎</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt">understanding the process of making Khatam in the past. The diversity of Khatam materials and their different </span><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra"">‎</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt">reactions to conservation methods have a great impact on adopting the optimal conservation and treatment </span><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra"">‎</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt">method. As a result, identifying their constituent materials will be necessary to choose the correct method of dealing </span><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra"">‎</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt">with this type of works. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is one of the methods that can be used to </span><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra"">‎</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt">identify the nature of the organic materials that make up the khatam. Therefore, in this study, the khatam door </span><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra"">‎</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt">khatam of the Seyyed Mosque of Isfahan from the Qajar period was examined as a case study. For this purpose, </span><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra"">‎</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt">FTIR spectroscopy was used to investigate the structure and identify the materials used in its construction. The </span><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra"">‎</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt">results showed that the red-brown and black pieces in this khatam sample are made of wood and the white pieces </span><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra"">‎</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt">are made of bone. Also, Animal Glue was used as an adhesive in wrapping the khatam and lining it, and a mixture </span><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra"">‎</span></span></i><span style="font-size:12.0pt">containing terpenoid resins was used to finish and coat the khatam</span><i><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Mitra"">‏ ‏.</span></span></i></span></span></span></div>
<br>
مسجد سید اصفهان, هنر خاتمکاری, فنشناسی, طیفسنجی FTIR
Seyed Mosque of Isfahan, Khatam Art, Technology, FTIR Spectroscopy.
22
31
http://journal.richt.ir/kcr/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-13&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Alireza
Kouchzaei
علیرضا
کوچکزایی
Alireza.k.1989@gmail.com