Volume 8, Issue 4 (3-2026)                   KCR 2026, 8(4): 37-51 | Back to browse issues page

‎ 10.66224/kcr.8.4.37

XML Persian Abstract Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Altaha Bonab S S, Nejad Ebrahimi A. Morphological typology of the Karbandi performed in Shikanj and its application in determining authenticity and supporting restoration. KCR 2026; 8 (4) :37-51
URL: http://journal.richt.ir/kcr/article-1-387-en.html
Morphological typology of the Karbandi performed in Shikanj and its application in determining authenticity and supporting restoration
Seyyedeh Samira Altaha Bonab , Ahad Nejad Ebrahimi *
Abstract:   (1617 Views)
Karbandi is a decorative-structural element of Iranian architecture implemented based on precise geometry that has been used in various and diverse parts of it, and one of the important parts of Karbandi is the application in the construction of the Chapireh. Iranian architects in dome houses used the chapireh to convert the square field into a circle, which has two parts: corner construction and shikanj. The aim of this research is to examine historical examples and categorize the forms of Karbandi implemented in the shikanj in line with the typology and systematic classification of historical examples. Also, the features of each of the implemented Karbandi will be examined in terms of the field and type of Karbandi in order to determine the relationship between the type of Karbandi implemented in the shikanj with the field and sides of the Karbandi.  The research background shows that the Shikanj can be implemented in two ways: arched and karbandi. to achieve this goal, a classification of the form of the Karbandi in the studied Shikanj was presented. This research is a qualitative research that was conducted using a descriptive-analytical method and the necessary information was obtained through library studies, objective observation, and examination of available samples. The results of the research show that the Karbandi in Shikanj can be divided into two categories from a shape perspective: large arch (including simple and with a Sosany) and small arch (including arch with Karbandi, simple Sakonj with Karbandi, and Torbe Filposh with Karbandi), each of which has its own characteristics that can be applied in fields such as half-arches. This research does not directly provide implementation instructions; but its results can help in subsequent studies and the process of recognizing authenticity in the conservation and restoration of the Karbandi implemented in Shikanj.
Keywords: Chapire-making, Shekanj, Morphological typology of Karbandi, Karbandi in Shekanj, Karbandi
Full-Text [PDF 1913 kb]   (379 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research, Original, Regular | Subject: Archaeometry and authenticity assessment of museum objects and historical-cultural properties.
Accepted: 2026/03/3 | Published: 2026/03/3
References
1. Aidini M A, Shahbazi Y., & Akhoundi, F. (2021). Analysis of Repetition Pattern and Geometric Characteristics of Regular Bases in Karbandi. Athar. 42(2), 194-210. URL: http://athar.richt.ir/article-2-705-fa.html (In Persian)
2. Aine-chi, S. , Vali-Beig, N. & Tehrani, F. (2019). Comparison of Geometry and Drawing Method of Karbandi Vault Samples 10,12,14,16- sided Karbandis. Soffeh, 29(1), 73-91 (In Persian)
3. Ainechi, S., Valibeig, N. (2023). Construction and Control Tools in Karbandi Construction Technology, PREPRINT (Version 1) available at Research Square [https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3261511/v1]
4. Ainechi, S., Valibeig, N. (2021). Architectural and Structural Analysis of Special Karbandis of Tabriz Historical Bazaar. JRA. 7(2), 73-89(In Persian)
5. Ainechi, S., Valibeig, N., & Tehrani, F,. (2019). A comparative study of the proportions of the elements of the fourteen-pointed drawing system in a range of drawing styles. Islamic Art Illustrations(In Persian)
6. AltahaBonab, S. S., Nejad Ebrahimi, A. (in press). Theoretical and practical geometry analysis of cornering and connection points in Chapirah. JRIA. (In Persian)
7. Amjad Mohammadi, A., Nejad Ebrahimi, A., & Shahbazi, Y. (2019). Geometric design of a masonry lattice space dome titled KARBANDI in Persian architecture. International Journal of Space Structures, 34(1-2), 22-39.‏ https://doi.org/10.1177/0956059919845631
8. Garshasbi, A., Malekpour Shahraki, Z. (2019). Analysis of the dome and its evolution in Parthian architecture. Archaeological Researches of Pre-Islamic Iran, 4(1), 173-192 (In Persian)
9. Golabchi, M., Javani Dizji, A. (2013). Iranian Architectural Technology. Tehran: Tehran University Publishing Institute(In Persian)
10. Golchin, H. , Salehi kakhki, A. & Jabalameli, A. (2018). Explanation of Geometrical System of zone of transition in Gonbad-e Sorkh in Comparison with Common Pattern of Seljuk’s Zone of Transition. The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar, 14(57), 75-84 (In Persian)
11. Khalajabadi Farahani, F. and Kianialiabadi, F. (2022). Exploration of the Family Role in the Consumption of Unconventional Cyber Sexual Content among Adolescents in Tehran. Journal of Family Research, 18(3), 459-492. doi: 10.48308/JFR.18.3.459 (In Persian)
12. Lorzadeh, H. (2014). Revival of Forgotten Arts. Tehran: Moli(In Persian)
13. Mashhoor, Z., Osmani, A. (2023). Theoretical Geometry of Karbandi Expansion and Development (Studied Sample: Sixteen-sided Karbandi). Journal of Architecture in Hot and Dry Climate, 11(17), 59-80(In Persian)
14. Mehdizadeh Seraj, F. (2014). Pathology and technical evaluation of historical buildings with unreinforced building materials. Tehran: Iran University of Science and Technology(In Persian)
15. Memarian, G. H. (2015). Iranian Architecture: Niyarsh (Volume 2). Tehran: Naghmeh Noorandish(In Persian)
16. Memarian, G. H. (2019). Iranian Architecture: Systematics. Tehran: Goljam(In Persian)
17. Memarian, G. H., Soltan Ahmadi, B., & Azarnoosh, M. (2016). A new theory about the history of the first arched arch construction in Iranian architecture. Iranian Scientific Association of Architecture and Urban Planning, 8(14), 75-84.
18. Mohamadianmansoor, S., Faramarzi, S. (2011). Typology and the Formulating Geometric Structure of Karbandi in Iran's Architecture. Journal of Fine Arts: Architecture & Urban Planning(In Persian)
19. Nejad Ebrahimi, A., AltahaBonab, S. S. (2021). A Study of Theoretical and Practical Geometry for the Restoration of Karbandi with an Emphasis on the Construction of the Sedqiani House Pond in Tabriz. KCR 2021; 4 (2) :1-16 (In Persian)
20. Nejad Ebrahimi, A., Shahbazi, Y., Amjad Mohammadi, A. (2017). Structural Typology of Karbandi and Rasmibandi in Persian Architecture based on the Place and Method of Usage. CIAUJ. 3(1), 25-41(In Persian
21. Pirnia, M. K., Bozorgmehri, Z. (2006). Geometry in Architecture, Tehran: Publications of the National Cultural Heritage Organization.
22. Pirnia, M. K.(1999). Dome in Iranian Architecture. Athar 20(In Persian)
23. Pour Ahmadi, M. (2014). A basic method for naming Persian Karbandis using a set of numbers. Nexus network journal, 16, 313-343.‏ https://doi.org/10.1007/s00004-014-0192-x
24. Saremi Naeeni, D., Aibaghi Esfahani, H., & Mirshojaeian Hosseini, I. (2018). Recognising Karbandi in Iran’s architecture and a review of its decorative-structural role. Iran, 56(2), 173-183.‏ https://doi.org/10.1080/05786967.2017.1406789
25. Sheerbaf, A. (2006). Greh and Karbandi, Tehran: Cultural Heritage Organization Publications(In Persian)
Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA
Send email to the article author

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.